Introduction
1
Introduction to Proofs and Mathematical Logic
1.1
Proofs
2
Divisibility and Euclid’s Algorithm
3
Prime Numbers
4
Congruences
5
Congruences with a prime modulus
6
Euler’s Function
7
Applications to cryptography
8
More cryptography
8.1
Deciphering the Vigenère cipher
8.2
Index of Coincidence
8.3
Chi-squared test
8.4
Frequency Analysis
8.5
Cracking Keyword Substitution Cipher
9
Coursework Sheets
9.1
Coursework Sheet 0
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.2
Coursework Sheet 1
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.3
Coursework Sheet 2
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.4
Coursework Sheet 3
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5*
Exercise 6
9.5
Coursework Sheet 4
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6*
9.6
Coursework Sheet 5
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3*
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.7
Coursework Sheet 6
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6*
9.8
Coursework Sheet 7
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.9
Coursework Sheet 8
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3*
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.10
Coursework Sheet 9
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3*
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
9.11
Coursework Sheet 10
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3*
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
10
Appendix A - Well ordering principle
11
Appendix B - Peano’s Axioms
11.1
The Axioms
11.2
Arithmetic
11.3
Models for
\(\mathbb N\)
11.4
Von Neumann’s model for
\(\mathbb N\)
11.5
Extending
\(\mathbb N\)
to
\(\mathbb Z\)
11.6
Extending
\(\mathbb Z\)
to
\(\mathbb Q\)
.
11.7
Extending the rationals to the reals
12
Appendix C - Infinite Cardinals
13
Appendix D - Euclidean Algorithm
14
Appendix E - Linear congruence
15
Appendix F - Simultaneous Linear congruences
16
Appendix G - Frequency calculator
17
Appendix H - Vigenère Cipher Calculator
18
Appendix I - Substitution Cipher Calculator
Solutions to Exercises
Content Index
References
MATH1001 Introduction to Number Theory
Chapter 16
Appendix G - Frequency calculator
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